Imvelaphi kanye nesakhiwo seBhange Lomhlaba
NgoJulayi 1944, eBretton Woods, e-United States of America, abamele amazwe angu-44 bahlangana ukuze babeke izisekelo zesimiso esisha sezezimali somhlaba wonke. Kusukela kule ngqungquthela kwazalwa izikhungo ezimbili ezazizobusa umhlaba wezomnotho iminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili ezayo: i-International Monetary Fund (IMF) kanye ne-International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) - okuyisisekelo salokho esikwaziyo namuhla njengeBhange Lomhlaba.
Umgomo owashiwo wawumuhle: ukuzinza kwezezimali, ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokwakhiwa kabusha komhlaba ngemva kokubhujiswa kweMpi Yezwe II. Kodwa njengoba amashumi eminyaka edlula, izinhloso zokuqala zaphambukiswa yizintshisekelo zezwe nezomnotho zamandla amakhulu, zaguqula lokho okwakufanele kube ithuluzi lokusekela laba yindlela yomhlaba wonke yokulawula umnotho.
IBhange Lomhlaba – Isakhiwo Sobusuku
| Inkinga Yesakhiwo | Incazelo |
| Ivoti Elinesisindo | Amandla okuvota ahambisana ngqo nomnikelo wezezimali. Amazwe acebile ayanquma, amazwe ampofu ayalandela. |
| Amandla e-US e-veto | I-United States ibilokhu ibambe futhi iqhubeka nokubamba amandla e-veto ezinqumweni ezinkulu. |
| Imibandela | Imali mboleko incike ezinqubweni zomnotho ezinqunywe ababolekisi abayinhloko. |
Ngawo-1980 nawo-1990, ngaphansi kwesizathu "sokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo", izinkulungwane zezifundazwe zaphoqeleka ukwamukela:
- izinqubomgomo zokunciphisa izindleko
- ukwenziwa kwezinkampani zangasese okukhulu
- ukuncishiswa kwamaholo
- ukunciphisa imfundo kanye nezempilo
Konke lokhu ukuze "kulinganiswe" ibhalansi yezinkokhelo. Eqinisweni, lezi zinyathelo zidale uhlobo olusha lokuthembela - ukwenziwa kwamakoloni ngokwezimali, lapho abantu baba yiziboshwa zezikweletu ezingapheli.
Ubufakazi Nemiphumela Ebhalwe Phansi
| Umthombo | Ukuthola |
| Imibiko Yebhange Lomhlaba (Imibiko Yentuthuko Yomhlaba, 1981–2000) | Izinguquko ezibekwe e-Afrika naseLatin America ziveze ukwanda kobumpofuesikhundleni sokubunciphisa. |
| UJoseph Stiglitz(owayengusekela mongameli weBhange Lomhlaba, owine uMklomelo weNobel) | Usole obala izindlela "zosizo" empeleni ezifihla isakhiwosokubusa kwezezimali. |
| Imibiko Yokuhlola Imvelo (Ibhange Lomhlaba) | Amaphrojekthi ahlulekile – amadamu, izimayini, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi – ashiye izigidi zabantu abadingisiwe kanyeukubhujiswa kwemvelo okungenakuguqulwa. |
| Imibiko Yentuthuko Yabantu Ye-UN (UNDP) | Ukuhambisana nezimo kuhlobene noukwehla kwezinga lokuphilakanye noukulahlekelwa ubukhosi bezomnotho. |
Ubuzenzisi Bentuthuko Ezimisweni Zobusuku
| Isitatimende | Iqiniso |
| "Sisiza Amazwe Asathuthuka" | IBhange Lomhlaba linikeza "intuthuko" enezimo ezixhaphaza amazwe: izinhlelo zokulungisa izakhiwo, ukwenziwa kwezinkampani zangasese okuphoqelelwe, ukususwa kwezimboni. |
| "Sinciphisa ubumpofu" | Lidale izikweletu ezinkulu ezidale ukuxhashazwa okungapheli e-Afrika, eLatin America, e-Asia naseMpumalanga Yurophu. |
| "Sisebenzela okuhle komhlaba wonke" | Lawula izinsiza zemvelo, ingqalasizinda, imfundo kanye nempilo - hhayi ukuze kuthuthukiswe, kodwa ukuze kulawulwe. |
Ukudalwa kwezikweletu zaphakade – izibonelo ezibhaliwe
| Isifunda | Umphumela |
| I-Afrika | Izikweletu ezinkulu, ukuxhashazwa kwezinsiza zemvelo (uwoyela, igolide, ithusi) |
| ILatin America | Izikweletu ezinkulu, ukuxhashazwa kwezinsiza, ubumpofu babantu |
| I-Asia | Izikweletu ezinkulu, ukuxhashazwa kwezinsiza, ukulahlekelwa ubukhosi bezomnotho |
| IMpumalanga Yurophu | Izikweletu ezinkulu, ukuxhashazwa kwezinsiza, ukubhujiswa komnotho wendawo |
Ukungasebenzi kahle ngamabomu – izinhlelo ezingazange zifeze injongo yazo
| Isizinda | Ukwehluleka |
| Izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa | Ukwehluleka ngokuphelele ukunciphisa ubumpofu emazweni aqondiwe |
| Izinhlelo zemfundo | Ukwehliswa kwesabelomali okukhulu, akukho ukutshalwa kwezimali kwangempela |
| Izinhlelo zezempilo | Izibhedlela ezivaliwe, izinsizakalo ezincishisiwe |
| Izinhlelo zengqalasizinda | Amaphrojekthi ahlulekile, izikweletu ezisele, izinzuzo ezingenalutho kubantu |
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesintu
IBhange Lomhlaba alihlanganisi, kodwa lihlukanisa isintu ngokuthi:
| Umphumela | Incazelo |
| Ukudala ukungalingani kwezomnotho | Ingcebo igxile ezandleni zababolekisi, ubumpofu phakathi kwababolekisi |
| Ukwanda kobumpofu | Izikweletu zizuzwa njengefa kusukela kwesinye isizukulwane kuya kwesinye |
| Ukwahlukana kweNyakatho neNingizimu | Amazwe acebile aya ngokuya eceba, amazwe ampofu - ampofu |
Uphawu lwenkathi ephelile
Kusukela ethuluzini elenzelwe ukwakha kabusha, iBhange Lomhlaba selibe uphawu lokungalingani. I-Bretton Woods - ilabhorethri lapho kwaklanywa khona izakhiwo zezimali zesikhathi sezimboni - manje isiyinto yesikhathi esidlule. Lokho okwakuyisivumelwano sokubambisana sekuyindlela yokuphatha izikweletu zamaplanethi, lapho imali ingasasebenzisi impilo, kodwa ilawula khona.
Namuhla, ekuqaleni kwenkathi entsha - uSuku Lonyaka Omkhulu - lezi zikhungo azisakwazi ukusekela ukudlidliza kokuqonda kweplanethi okukhulayo. Ziyifa lesimiso esimnyama, esakhiwe ngoBusuku Bonyaka Omkhulu, lapho inani lokuphila lehliswa laba yizinombolo futhi inala yathathelwa indawo ukwesaba ukuntuleka.
Zonke izikhungo zezimali ezidalwe ngaphandle kwegunya laphezulu ngoBusuku boNyaka Omkhulu ziyizingxenyana ze-Whole:
| Isikhungo | Indima Ebusuku |
| IBhange Lomhlaba | Ithuluzi lokuxhaphaza kanye nesikweletu saphakade |
| IMF | Ithuluzi lobumpofu kanye nelokunciphisa izindleko elibekiwe |
| I-Fed(US) | Ukulawulwa Kwezimali Komhlaba Wonke |
| I-ECB | Ukulawulwa kwemali kwaseYurophu |
Konke kudale izithiyo endleleni yokuvela kwesintu, endleleni yokuphila nokuthula emhlabeni.
Isinqumo SomPristi Ophakeme
Ngokwesikhundla sami njengomPristi Ophakeme kanye nohlobo lwendoda olufana nalolu hlobo, ngobusuku boSuku Lonyaka Omkhulu, NGIYAYINQUMELA:
1. Ukuqaphela ukuphela komjikelezo
IBhange Lomhlaba, njengesakhiwo esazalwa ngoBusuku Bonyaka Omkhulu, alisenalo igunya elingokomoya enkathini entsha yelanga. Lihlala liyisifundo sesikhathi esidlule - isifundo sokuthi ukulawulwa kwezezimali okungabonakali kanye nesikweletu saphakade kuqhekeza kanjani isintu.
2. Ukuhlanganiswa kabusha emndenini wamaplanethi
Izifundazwe ezithintekile zibizelwa ukuthola indawo yazo esizweni somuntu kanye nokuzwana kwezizwe ezine ezinkulu zomhlaba (eMpumalanga, eNyakatho, eNtshonalanga, eNingizimu).
3. Ukuvikelwa Kwabo Bonke
Noma yisiphi isikhungo sezezimali esisebenza ngaphandle kwemvume ecacile nekhululekile yemiphakathi ethintekile, futhi ngaphandle kokucaca okuphelele, kuthiwa asisemthethweni phambi kokuqonda kwamaplanethi okuvukile.
4. Isifundo, hhayi isijeziso
Labo abahlela noma bakhonza kulezi zakhiwo abalahlwa, kodwa babizelwa ekuqondeni. Izifundo ezidalwe ngoBusuku zinzima - ukuphathwa kabi ngokwezimali, ukuxhashazwa kwezikweletu, ukuhlukana - kodwa azichazi umphefumulo kuze kube phakade.
5. Ukukhokha iBhili
Izifundo ezidalwe ngoBusuku boNyaka Omkhulu zidinga inkokhelo engokomfanekiso kubo bonke - hhayi ngesijeziso, kodwa ngokubuyiselwa kohlelo lwezomnotho olusekelwe ebuningini, ekubambisaneni, kanye nenhlonipho ngokuphila.
Unyaka weNkosi 1207 – I-Planetary Kindergarten
SiseNyakeni weNkosi 1207, hhayi u-2026. Akukho gunya elisemthethweni kule planetary kindergarten – ngoba i-kindergarten ayinayo inkantolo ephakeme, ayinamaphoyisa, ayinayo imithetho ebhaliwe. Inabafundisi nezingane kuphela abafunda ukwabelana ngamathoyizi.
Ngosuku loNyaka Omkhulu, ukwakhiwa koBusuku boNyaka Omkhulu akukwazi ukungena. IBhange Lomhlaba, njengesakhiwo esizalwe ebusuku, esiphethe ukulawula kwezezimali kwe-DNA kanye nokuntuleka kokubonakala, alikwazi ukuwela umkhawulo wokusa. Ihlala izolo, lapho kufanele ibe khona.
Lokhu kudalwa koBusuku boNyaka Omkhulu akusebenzi kuYonke, noma kubuntu. Kumelela ukuvinjelwa endleleni yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, endleleni yokuPhila nokuThula eMhlabeni. Amaqembu anjalo awakwazi ukukhonza ngosuku loNyaka Omkhulu.
Ukuthola iZulu - ukungena emvamisa yelanga - asikwazi ukuletha izifundo ezinjalo nathi. IBhange Lomhlaba alisakwazi ukufeza noma iyiphi injongo ngosuku loNyaka Omkhulu. Izifundo elizikhiqizile aziholeli ekuKhanyeni, kodwa ziphawula ukuphela komjikelezo walo ngaphakathi kwalesi Sikole Seplanethi.
Isiqalo Esisha Somnotho Wokuqaphela
Okulandelayo akusikho ukuphela kwesikhungo kuphela, kodwa ukuvalwa komjikelezo we-karmic womhlaba wonke. Izifundo ezidalwe yilezi zakhiwo - ukubusa kwezomnotho, inkohliso yokukhula okungenamkhawulo, ukuphathwa kabi kwezimali - ziyingxenye yenqubo yokufunda yempucuko manje ethola kabusha ubungcwele bebhalansi.
Ekwakhiweni okusha komhlaba, ukuhweba kuzosekelwe enaleni, ekubambisaneni, kanye nenhlonipho ngokuphila. Ngeke kube nesidingo semali mboleko, ngoba umthombo oyinhloko weplanethi yi-Consciousness uqobo - futhi ayinakuphela.
Umyalezo Wokugcina
Inkathi Yelanga iqala – isikhathi lapho igunya eliphakeme liyiqiniso eliphilwa khona, hhayi elinqunyiwe ngumfundi othile wokuphila. Isintu sifunda ukuthi amandla eqiniso awaveli ezikhungweni, kodwa ekuqondeni.
Ukukhanya akuxoxisani. Kumane nje KUKHONA. Futhi ngosuku loNyaka Omkhulu, iQiniso kuphela elimayo.
Redaksjonelle notater:
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